Cable for submersible downhole pumps

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The water supply system of a private house on the basis of a well consists of a set of necessary equipment: a well pump, control automation, storage tank, pipeline system, etc. A key element and perhaps the most expensive is the downhole pump. The productivity of work of all system in many respects depends on its correct choice and connection. However, when it comes to connecting to the mains, there is often a problem: the cable for the downhole pump is too short or absent. In this case, you must purchase the power cord separately. Although pump manufacturers recommend using only branded components, including and cables, they are expensive, so you have to choose analogues. In this article, we will look at how to choose the right cable for your pump.

Why is so much attention paid to the correct selection of cable cross-section? How does the wrong cross section affect the operation of the pump? If the cable cross-section is chosen to be smaller than the intended value, this leads to increased resistance and, consequently, greater heating of the water immersion cable, which can lead to damage to the insulation or heat-shrinkable cable sleeve. At the same time the power consumption of the engine considerably decreases and the pump accordingly does not give out the optimum characteristics.

The cable can be three- or four-core. The number of cores is determined based on the supply voltage. So for connection of 3-phase pumps the 4-core cable is required. Depending on the connected automatics, single-phase pumps in the house can be connected both by 3, and 4-core cable.

Connection of any pump for a well begins with calculation and a choice of section of an electric cable, a lot depends on this important indicator, including normal working capacity of the pump. When choosing an electric cable for the pump, keep in mind that the cable will always be in a submerged state, so it must be resistant to moisture. In addition, in most cases, submersible (borehole) pumps are used to supply drinking water, so the cable must meet all sanitary and hygienic standards.

Let’s return to the question of selection of cable cross section. How do you know which cross section will be optimal for your pump? To do this, you need to know some parameters: first, the power consumption of the pump motor, secondly, the total cable length (cable length from the pump to the place of connection to the mains), thirdly, what is the supply voltage of the pump motor. Based on these parameters, the cross section of the cable is selected according to a special table, which is given below. This table is valid for pumps from different manufacturers, although some may recommend a different cross-section cable for their pumps.

 

Cable calculation for single-phase downhole pumps (230 V, 50 Hz)

 

Engine power		Cable cross section in mm
		4 х 1	4 х 1,5	4 х 2,5	4 х 4	4 х 6	4 х 10	4 х 16
кВт	л.с.	Cable length in meters
0,25	0,33	70	105	170
0,37	0,50	60	90	140
0,55	0,75	45	70	110	180
0,75	1	35	50	85	140	210
1,1	1,5	25	35	60	95	145	240
1,5	2		30	45	75	115	190	305
2,2	3			30	50	75	125	200

Calculation of the cable for three-phase borehole pumps (230 V, 50 Hz)

 

Engine power		Cable cross section in mm
		4 х 1	4 х 1,5	4 х 2,5	4 х 4	4 х 6	4 х 10	4 х 16	4 х 25	4 х 35	4 х 50	4 х 70
кВт	л.с.	Cable length in meters
0,37	0,50	100	152	255
0,55	0,75	83	126	210	338
0,75	1	65	99	165	265	405
1,1	1,5	48	72	120	192	292	485
1,5	2		53	88	142	215	360
2,2	3		30	60	97	147	245	392
3	4			47	73	110	183	295	510
4	5,5				55	83	138	220	380
5,5	7,5					60	100	160	275	385
7,5	10					45	73	114	195	275	395
9,2	12,5						64	100	157	220	315
11	15						54	87	135	190	270	378
13	17,5							75	117	164	236	330
15	20							65	102	144	205	287
18,5	25								82	114	162	225
22	30								69	95	137	190
30	40									70	102	142

Calculation of the cable for three-phase borehole pumps (400 V, 50 Hz)

 

Engine power		Cable cross section in mm
		4 х 1	4 х 1,5	4 х 2,5	4 х 4	4 х 6	4 х 10	4 х 16	4 х 25	4 х 35	4 х 50	4 х 70
кВт	л.с.	Cable length in meters
0,37	0,50	300
0,55	0,75	250	380
0,75	1	195	295
1,1	1,5	145	215	360
1,5	2	105	160	265	425
2,2	3	70	110	180	290	440
3	4	55	85	140	220	330
4	5,5	40	60	105	165	250	415
5,5	7,5		45	75	120	180	300	480
7,5	10		35	55	95	135	220	340	585
9,2	12,5			47	75	115	190	300	470
11	15			40	65	95	160	260	405
13	17,5				60	85	140	225	350	490
15	20				50	75	125	195	305	430
18,5	25					58	100	155	245	340	485
22	30					39	85	130	205	285	410	570
30	40					36	63	96	152	210	305	425

 

Manufacturers of submersible borehole pumps advise using a water-resistant cable as a cable for a submersible pump, if necessary, a food cable, at least to the immersion depth of the pump. Runway cables are considered more suitable brands of wire for the pump.

 

VPP – the wiring of this brand has both the insulation and the outer sheath made of polyethylene. It is used as a cable for a submersible pump in artesian wells, wells, wells for groundwater intake. It can be used at temperatures from -40 ° C to +80 ° C, the average service life is also six years, but for wiring specially designed for work with submersible pumps, it can be up to 20 years;

Buy cable VPP  for submersible borehole pumps, and you can also get acquainted with its detailed characteristics on the website of the Zaporozhye cable production plant MPKA.

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